Bankart lesions
Bankart lesions are a common complication of anterior shoulder dislocation. Bankart lesions are injuries specifically at the anteroinferior aspect of glenoid labral complex. Glenoid labral complex include labrum and associated glenohumeral capsule/ligaments. In Bankart lesions there is detachment of the anteroinferior labrum from the underlying glenoid.
Variants of Bankart lesions:
1. Perthes lesion of the shoulder: there is tear of the glenoid labrum with an intact scapular periosteum.
2. Anterior Labroligamentous Periosteal Sleeve Avulsion (ALPSA): mobilized labrum remains attached to glenoid periosteum.
On MRI there is frank displacement/separation of the anterior glenoid labrum, with or without glenoid fracture fragment, we can also see linear high signal intensity through the non-displaced anteroinferior labrum, indicating tear, we can also see abnormally small or absent anterior labrum.
Bankart lesions do heal and early surgical intervention is not required.